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Employment down in Q3 2023

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In the EU, the employment rate of people aged 20-64 stood at 75.3% in the third quarter of 2023, a decrease of 0.1 percentage points (pp) compared with the second quarter of 2023. 

Labour market slack – encompassing those with unmet employment needs, a large part of which includes unemployed individuals – amounted to 11.3% of the extended labour force aged 20-64 in the third quarter of 2023 (see note 1 on the methodological notes).

This information comes from data on the labour market in the third quarter of 2023 published today by Eurostat. This article presents only a handful of findings from the more detailed Statistics Explained article.

Infographic: Employment rate and labour market slack in the EU, Q1 2009 to Q3 2023, population aged 20-64, seasonally adjusted data

Source datasets: lfsi_emp_q and lfsi_sla_q

Between the second and the third quarter of 2023 the employment rate varied across the EU countries. Malta (+1.1 pp) and Belgium (+0.5 pp) registered the highest increases among the 11 EU countries where employment rose. The employment rate remained stable in Luxembourg and the Netherlands and decreased in 14 EU countries, with the biggest decreases recorded in Croatia (-1.3 pp) and Bulgaria (-1.1 pp). 

Bar chart: Change in employment rate in the EU countries, Q3 2023 compared with Q2 2023, age group 20-64, in percentage points, seasonally adjusted data

Source dataset: lfsi_emp_q

More information

Methodological notes

  • Note 1: rounding differences could be observed in the second and third quarter of 2023 in the total labour market slack values (presented in the online database) when compared with the sum of its components.
  • The extended labour force is the total number of people employed plus unemployed, plus those seeking work but not immediately available, plus those available to work but not seeking. In this article, data cover population aged 20 to 64. 
  • This article uses quarterly and seasonally adjusted data from the EU Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) data.

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