EU Stockpiling and Medical Countermeasures Strategies to strengthen crisis readiness and health security

The European Commission has launched two initiatives under its Preparedness Union agenda: an EU Stockpiling Strategy and a Medical Countermeasures Strategy. Both are designed to improve access to essential goods for European citizens and societies, businesses and economies – ensuring continuity of essential goods and lifesaving medical supplies at all times, in particular during crises such as major energy blackouts, natural disasters, conflicts or pandemics. 

EU Stockpiling Strategy: Safeguarding essential supplies ahead of crises

The EU Stockpiling Strategy is designed to secure essential goods — such as food, water, oil, fuel and medicines – in the event of a crisis. It is the first ever EU comprehensive approach to stockpiling.

Key actions in the Stockpiling Strategy include: 

• Establishing an EU Stockpiling Network with Member States to share best practices, coordinate stocks, and develop joint recommendations.
• Identifying stock gaps and duplications through information sharing and strengthening cooperation among Member States and with the EU.
• Expanding EU-level stockpiles to fill gaps in essential goods, supported by initiatives like rescEU for medical gear, shelter, generators, and more.
• Enhancing transport and logistics for rapid crisis response.
• Promoting civil-military, public-private, and international partnerships to maximise resource use efficiently and on time.

Medical Countermeasures Strategy: fortifying health crisis preparedness 

With rising disease outbreaks and growing antimicrobial resistance, exacerbated by climate change, deteriorating biodiversity and ecosystems, and geopolitical challenges, the EU's Medical Countermeasures Strategy seeks to accelerate the development, production, deployment, and accessibility of lifesaving medical tools. 

Key actions of the strategy include: 

• Advancing next-generation flu vaccines, new antibiotics for antimicrobial resistance, antivirals for vector-borne diseases, and improving access to CBRN countermeasures.
• Boosting intelligence and surveillance by developing an EU list of priority medical countermeasures, preparedness roadmaps, and EU/global wastewater sentinel systems.
• Accelerating innovation via the Medical Countermeasures Accelerator, R&D hubs, and expanding the HERA Invest programme.
• Securing scalable production through EU FAB’s ever-warm capacity and the new RAMP UP partnership.
• Improving medicine access and deployment through joint procurement and support for ready-to-use labs.
• Strengthening global cooperation and cross-sector collaboration, including civil-military preparedness, public-private efforts, citizen readiness, and workforce investment.

Together, these strategies mark a key step toward a more proactive European response in the face of future crises. 

Executive Vice-President for Social Rights and Skills, Quality Jobs and Preparedness Roxana Mînzatu said:

“Today, we launch the first two deliverables of our Preparedness Union Strategy. Our goal is clear - to protect people. Preparedness is a collective responsibility, and working with Member States, the EU can make a real difference. Whether facing natural disasters or biological threats, we must ensure essential goods remain available. A new network will help better understand what we need to stockpile and how we get better value for money. Health security is at the heart of our work. From new diseases to antibiotic resistance, we need to be ready with vaccines and medicines. These actions strengthen our strategic autonomy - by improving our own reserves and production, we make ourselves less dependent for when it matters most.”

Equality, Preparedness and Crisis Management Commissioner Hadja Lahbib said:

"As we face an increasingly complex global landscape, the launch of the EU Stockpiling Strategy and the Medical Countermeasures Strategy marks a significant step in fortifying Europe's defenses against emerging threats. These initiatives underscore our dedication to ensuring the safety, health, and well-being of all European citizens. By strengthening our preparedness and resilience, we are not only safeguarding essential supplies and medical resources but also empowering our communities to face future challenges with confidence."

Background 

The EU Stockpiling Strategy and the Medical Countermeasures Strategy are two of the key actions announced in the Preparedness Union Strategy that was adopted in March 2025. Building on the Niinistö report recommendations, the EU-wide Stockpiling Strategy will integrate all existing sectorial stockpiling efforts, strengthen access to critical resources across the EU and combine centralized EU-level reserves with member states’ contributions, supported by public-private partnerships to ensure efficiency, scalability and cost-effectiveness. 

The report also highlighted the urgent need to reinforce the EU’s preparedness for all-hazard threats. In this regard, the Medical Countermeasures Strategy aims to boost coordinated action both within the EU and at global level to accelerate the development, production, and rapid deployment and access to lifesaving medical tools, including vaccines, therapeutics, diagnostics, and protective equipment. This will reinforce our collective resilience and ability to prepare and respond to health emergencies.

For more information

Communication on Medical Countermeasures Strategy

Communication on Stockpiling Strategy

Question and answers on Medical Countermeasures Strategy

Question and answers on Stockpiling

Factsheet on Stockpiling

Factsheet on Medical Countermeasures

HERA Website

DG ECHO

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